Worldwide Links between Proteus mirabilis and Rheumatoid Arthritis
نویسندگان
چکیده
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic and arthritic autoimmune disease affecting millions of people throughout the world. During the last 4 decades extensive data indicate that subclinical urinary tract infection by Proteus mirabilis has a role in the aetiopathogenesis of RA based on cross-reactivity or molecular mimicry between Proteus haemolysin and RA-associated HLA-DRB1 alleles as well as between Proteus urease and type XI collagen. Studies from 15 countries have shown that antibodies against Proteus microbes were elevated significantly in patients with active RA in comparison to healthy and non-RA disease controls. Proteus microbes could also be isolated more frequently in the urine of patients with RA than in controls. It is suggested that treatment of RA by using antibiotics and increased daily fluid intake in order to eradicate Proteus bacteria from urinary tract could be implemented in conjunction with the currently used immunosuppressant’s and biologicals.
منابع مشابه
Elevated levels of IgM and IgA antibodies to Proteus mirabilis and IgM antibodies to Escherichia coli are associated with early rheumatoid factor (RF)-positive rheumatoid arthritis.
OBJECTIVE Antibodies to Proteus mirabilis were previously detected in patients with established rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We examined the prevalence of antibodies to P. mirabilis and their associations with RA in early synovitis patients. METHODS Two hundred and forty-six patients with inflammatory arthritis for less than 1 yr were prospectively evaluated for 1 yr. Of these patients, 30% had...
متن کاملSimilar anti-Proteus mirabilis titres in P1 positive and P1 negative individuals with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Cross-reactivity between the rheumatoid arthritis-associated motif EQKRAA and structurally related sequences found in Proteus mirabilis.
Cross-reactivity or molecular mimicry may be one of the underlying mechanisms involved in the etiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Antiserum against the RA susceptibility sequence EQKRAA was shown to bind to a similar peptide ESRRAL present in the hemolysin of the gram-negative bacterium Proteus mirabilis, and an anti-ESRRAL serum reacted with EQKRAA. There was no reactivity with eith...
متن کاملRheumatoid arthritis patients have elevated antibodies to cross-reactive and non cross-reactive antigens from Proteus microbes.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Although a large number of independent studies have shown a paramount role for Proteus mirabilis in the aetiopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), this hypothesis is still controversial among rheumatologists. The main obstacle to its acceptance is the impression that increased Proteus antibodies in RA patients is a secondary phenomenon, occurring as the result of c...
متن کاملShared amino acid sequences between major histocompatibility complex class II glycoproteins, type XI collagen and Proteus mirabilis in rheumatoid arthritis.
OBJECTIVES To show molecular similarity between two sequences of Proteus mirabilis (haemolysin--ESRRAL; urease--IRRET) with HLA-DR antigens (EQRRAA) which are associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and type XI collagen (LRREI), respectively; and, in patients with RA, to measure levels of antibody against a 16-mer synthetic peptide containing the ESRRAL sequence, and the haemolysin and urease...
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